Real-time analysis This feature analyzes the data as it comes off the cable. Buffers can be disk-based or memory-based. Data can be stored in a buffer until it is full, or in a rotation method such as “round robin” where the newest data replaces the oldest data. This is the core of a network analyzer and you cannot capture data without it.īuffer This component stores the captured data. It will also filter out the traffic that you want and store the data in a buffer.
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Sometimes you will also need a hub or a cable tap to connect to the existing cable.Ĭapture driver This is the part of a network analyzer that is responsible for actually capturing the raw network traffic from the cable. Some network analyzers only support Ethernet or wireless adapters, while others support multiple adapters and allow users to customize their configuration. However, there are some special hardware network analyzers that offer additional benefits such as analyzing hardware faults including: Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) errors, voltage problems, cable problems, jitter, jabber, negotiation errors, etc. Hardware Most network analyzers are software-based and work with standard operating systems (OSs) and network interface cards (NICs). Although there are differences in each product, a network analyzer is composed of five basic parts: Fields usually include date, time, source address, destination address, and the name and information about the highest-layer protocol.ĭetail This pane provides all of the details for each of the layers contained inside the captured packet in a tree-like structure.ĭata This pane displays the raw captured data both in hexadecimal and ASCII format.Ī network analyzer is a combination of hardware and software. Summary This pane displays a one line summary of the capture. A typical network analyzer displays the captured traffic in three panes:įigure 1.1: Example Network Analyzer Display However, it has become common industry usage that a “sniffer” (with a lower case “s”) is a program that captures and analyzes network traffic.įigure 1.1 shows the Ethereal Network Analyzer display windows. Sniffer (with a capital “S”) is a trademark owned by Network Associates referring to its Sniffer product line. Although several network analyzers all decode the same protocols, some may decode better than others. Other differences include inference capabilities, such as expert analysis features, and the quality of packet decodes.
Differences between network analyzers tend to depend on features such as the number of supported protocol decodes, the user interface, and graphing and statistical capabilities.
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Network analyzers are available both free and commercially.
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However, as you will see later in this chapter, due to malicious users it has had a negative connotation in the past.Ī network analyzer can be a standalone hardware device with specialized software, or it can simply be software that you install on your desktop or laptop computer. Sniffing tends to be one of the most popular terms in use today. Network analysis is also known by several other names: traffic analysis, protocol analysis, sniffing, packet analysis, and eavesdropping to name a few.
A network analyzer decodes, or dissects, the data packets of common protocols and displays the network traffic in human-readable format. Network analysis is the process of capturing network traffic and inspecting it closely to determine what is happening on the network.
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